Oil burning apparatus



y 20,1941. J.L.OBRIEN- 2,242,616

OIL BURNING APPARATUS Original Filed July 9, 1958 2 She etsSheet 1 a ames LOBTWL, y

May 20, 1941. J. L. O'BRIEN OIL BURNING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed July 9, 1938 Patented May 20, 1941 UNlTED sres AT N T OFICE OIL BURNING APPARATUS James'L. OBrien, Lakewood, Ohio,

Cleveland Steel Products Corp,

a corporation of Ohio assignor to Cleveland, Ohio,

Original application July 9, 1938, Serial No.

218,403. Divided and this application'November 3 6 Claims. This invention relates to oil burning apparatus and more particularly to oil burning apparatus of the pressure atomization type; and is a division 1939, Serial No. 306,990

of mycopending application Serial 'No. 218,403,

filed July 9, 1938, now- Patent No." 2,215,272 of September 17, 1940.

One' of the objects-of'the present-invention is to provide an oil burning apparatus of the pressure atomization type-of such new and improved designthat the air entering the blast tube is In the drawings which illustrate suitable em bodiments-of. the invention:

Figure 1 is a front end view of the oil burning apparatus looking toward the burner nozzle and blast tube discharge end.

Figure 2 is a side View of the burner shown in Figural.

Figure 3 is an enlarged longitudinal section of the burner taken approximately on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a transverse section of the blast tube taken approximately on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a transverse section taken approximately on the line 5-5 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevation of the burner.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary transverse section taken approximately on the line 1-1 of Figure 6, and

Figure 8 is ail enlarged plan View of the electrode and burner nozzle and oil tube assembly.

Referring to the accompanying drawings in which like numerals refer to like parts throughoutthe several views, the oil burner apparatus shown in the embodiment of the present invention, includes a casing l0 having a fan chamber l i, and a plenum chamber I2 provided by spaced front and rear walls I3 and 1 1, respectively, and a continuous connecting wall l5, of the casing Ill. The casing I0 is provided with an air outlet l6 in its front wall It through which air from the plenum chamber I2 is discharged. Secured to the front wall l3 coaxial with the outlet lli-isablast tube H, the blast tube being provided at its discharge end with an air diffuser l8 having overlapping spiral vanes I9.

The burner is supported onadjustable supports Edconnected with the casing Illand blast 'tube l'l.

Secured to the rear wall I4 of the casing I0 is an electric motor 21 having its shaft 22 extending into the fan chamber II and 23 of the peripherallybladedtype;

The casting H) has an air inlet 24 through the front wall l3 substantially coaxial with the fan 23, and adjacent this inlet is an air inlet cham- 'ber 25 defined by a cylindrical wall 26 having inlet apertures 27 therein which are adjustable in size by means of an adjustable apertured band 28 surrounding thewall 26'.

Secured tothe side ofthe inlet chamber 25 is an oil pressure pump 29 having its shaft 30' extending through the inlet chamber and connected at 3| with the motorshaft 22.

The pump outlet is connected by means of an oil conduit 32, extending through the blast tube H, with the rear end of the oil supply tube 33, which has a nozzle 34 at its front end. The oil supply tube 33'is supported on a bracket 35 having a threaded portion 36 extending through an elongated opening 37 in the bottom portion of the blasttub'e IT, a nut 38 being provided to adjustably secure the bracket 35 to the blast tube H. The front end'o-f the tube33, adjacent the nozzle 34; is. additionally supported by a'threelegged bracket 39, the legs of which have slidable engagement with the inside'wall of the blast tube Secured to the rear wall l4 adjacent the plenum chamber I2 is an ignition transformer 40 having an electrical connection with a pair of tubular .cont'actelements ll, parallel to the axis of the blast tube, each ofwhich is mounted within a tubular insulator 42. The insulators 42 are mounted within an opening 43 in the rear wall M of the casing in.

Secured to the bracket 35 by means of a clamp 54 are a pair of ignition electrodes 45 and secured to theelectrodes are rigid longitudinally extending connectors 46, the free ends of which have sliding engagement within the contact elements 4! The blast tube I! is provided at one side with an assembly opening 41 through which the oil supply tube and electrode assembly is inserted. In doing this the assembly is merely inserted longitudinally through the opening 41 until the carrying a fan wall l5 substantially given a spiral movement The opening 41 is normally closed by means ofa cover plate 48 secured to the blast tube l1.

Referring to Figures 5 and 7, it will be noted that the connecting wall 15 of the casing I is of curvilinear shape except for one side portion la, it having curvilinear upper and. lower end portions l5b and I50, respectively, which at the side opposite the straight side portion l5a continue and joining with each other at that side of the plane passing through the axes of the air outlet and inlet openings l6 and 24, respectively, nearest the wall portionl5a but spaced therefrom to provide a communicating passageway 49 between the fan and plenum chambers l I and I2, respectively.

In order to impart and insure a violent spiral action to the air entering the blast tube through the plenum chamber outlet IS, the connecting throughout the curvilinear extent thereof defining the plenum chamber l2 inclines from the front wall l3 toward the rear wall l4 and inwardlytoward the axis of the plenum chamber, as shown in Figures 3, 5 and 'I.

Preferably, the angle of inclination is not constant at a maximum opposite that portion d of the connecting wall which separates the fan and plenum chambers and progressively decreases to a minimum at such portion I511. The air enters the plenum chamber I2 through the passageway 49, as shown by the arrow in Figure 5, ina straight line path and strikes the curvilinear end portion and follows around the same and there passes through the outlet l5 into-the blast tube ll. 1

It is to be noted that the blast tube I! has a tapering reduction in diameter from the inlet end toward the-outlet end thereof.

In operation, the combustion supporting air is by the curvilinear wall of the plenum chamber which air is caused by the inclination of this wall outwardly toward the inlet end of the blast tube to enter the blast tube more at the inside wall than at the center thereof and to flow through the blast tube in a spiral path with a maximum velocity at the inside wall,

the air movement through the center of the blast tube being practically negligible. tapering inside wall of the blast tube gradually accelerates the air velocity and the spiralling action is further increased by the spirally vaned diffuser at the discharge end, whereby the atomized oil discharging from the burner nozzle is enveloped in a rapidly whirling or rotating cone of air of accelerated velocity at the region where the oil and air are first brought together, instead of being carried out toward the back wall of the combustion chamber by a high velocity air stream emanating from the center of the blast tube as .in conventional burners of the pressure atomization type. As a result, there ensues an intimate mixing of the atomized oil and combustion supporting air at the immediate region of discharge from the blast tube, and combustion is practically completed before impact against the backwall of the combustion chamber.

The particular manner of air fiow and discharge tends to materially increase the efliciency The gradually I of operation and to materially aid in providing a quiet fire.

In order to provide for a balanced external appearance, it will be noted that a wall portion i5e parallel to the portion 15a is provided which forms a space 50. A conduit 5la containing the transformer wires for the motor and the ignition transformer is secured to an opening 5| in the front wall l3 through which the wires extend and are provided with connectors 52 within the space 50 to which the motor leads 53 extending through an opening 54 in the rear wall l4, and the transformer leads 55 extending through an opening 56 in the wall I4, are connected.

An opening 51 in the wall portion We is provided for access to the connectors 52, which opening is normally closed by a cover plate 58.

It .is to be understood that various modifications of the structure shown and described may be made without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

1. In an oil burner of the pressure gun type, a casing having spaced front and rear walls and a connecting wall enclosing the space between said walls, said connecting wall having side portions and curvilinear end portions connecting said end portions, one of said side portions being straight and the other of said side portions having curvilinear extensions of said end portions curving inwardly toward the other side portion and joined together intermediate said end portions to form a fan chamber and a plenum chamber, the juncture of said curvilinear extensions forming with said front and rear walls and said straight side portion an air passageway between said chambers, said fan chamber having an air inlet and said plenum chmber having an air discharge outlet through said front wall ofiset with respect to said passageway, at least the said end portion adjacent said plenum chamber inclining from said front wall inwardly toward said rear wall. I r

2. In an oil burner of the pressure gun type, a hollow casing having spaced front and rear walls and a continuous wall connecting said walls, said continuous Wall having side portions and curvilinear end portions, one of said side portions being substantially straight and the other of said side portions having curvilinear sections forming continuations of said end portions curving 1nwardly toward said straight portion to a joined region spaced from said straight portion to form fan and plenum chambers and a passageway between s'aid chambers, said casing having an air inlet for said fan chamber and an air outlet in said front wall for said plenum chamber, said end portion of said plenum chamber inclining from said outlet in said front wall inwardly throughout its extent toward said rear wall,

3. In an oil burner of the pressure gun type, a hollow casing having spaced front and rear walls and a continuous wall connecting said walls, said continuous wall having side portions and curvilinear end portions, one of said side portions being substantially straight and the other of to form fan and plenum chambers and a passageway between said chambers, said casing having an air inlet for said fan chamber and an air outlet in said front wall for said plenum chamber, said end portion and curvilinear section of said plenum chamber inclining inwardly from said front wall toward said rear wall.

4. In an oil burner of the pressure gun type, a hollow casing having spaced front and rear walls and a continuous wall connecting said walls, said continuous wall having side portions and curvilinear end portions, one of said side portions being substantially straight and the other of said side portions having curvilinear sections forming continuations of said end portions curving inwardly toward said straight portion to a joined region spaced from said straight portion to form fan and plenum chambers and a passageway between said chambers, said casing having an air inlet for said fan chamber and an air outlet in said front wall for'said plenum chamber, said end portion and curvilinear section of said plenum chamber inclining inwardly from said front wall toward said rear wall, the average angle of inclination of said curvilinear section being less than the average angle of inclination of the said end portion.

5. In an oil burner of the pressure gun type, a-

casing having spaced front and rear walls and a connecting wall enclosing the space between said walls and arranged to divide said space into a fan chamber and a plenum chamber, said connecting wall forming with said front and rear walls an air passage between said chambers, said casing having an air inlet opening in one of said front and rear walls opening into said fan chamber and having an air discharge opening in said front wall opening from said plenum chamber,

said airpassage having its axis at right angles to and in laterally offset relation with respect to the axis of said discharge opening, said connecting wall being curvilinear adjacent said discharge opening and inclined from said front wall toward said rear wall whereby to impart a spiral motion to the air leaving said plenum chamber through said discharge opening.

6. In an oil burner of the pressure gun type, a casing having spaced front and rear walls and a connecting wall enclosing the space between said walls and arranged to divide said space into a fan chamber and a plenum chamber, said connecting wall forming with said front and rear walls an air passage between said chambers, said casing having an air inlet opening in one of said front and rear walls opening into said fan chamber and having an air discharge opening in said front wall opening from said plenum chamber, said air passage having its axis at right angles to and in laterally offset relation with respect to the axis of said discharge opening, said connecting wall being curvilinear adjacent said discharge opening and inclined from said front wall toward said rear wall throughout that portion thereof most remote from said air passage and decreasing to a minimum inclination at those portions thereof adjacent said air passage whereby to impart a spiral motion to the air leaving said plenum chamber through said discharge opening.

JAMES L. OBRIEN. 

